Hydrocyclones for solids and fluid Separation
Hydrocyclones converts the pressure generated by the centrifugal pump into centrifugal force, help the solid phase suspended in the drilling fluid to separate from the drilling fluid. This separation actually increases the gravity by increasing the centrifugal force in the conical container, thereby accelerating the precipitation of the solid phase, and the centrifugal motion in the cyclone can increase the gravity by a factor of 200. During drilling operations, Hydrocyclones use centrifugal force to separate solid phase particles in the range of 15-80 microns from the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid carrying solid phase particles is discharged from the bottom flow port of the conical container, and the purified drilling fluid is discharged from the overflow port above.
Structure of Hydrocyclones for solids and fluid Separation
The Hydrocyclone is a conical container with cylindrical parts. The cylindrical part of the upper part of the cone is divided into a slurry inlet chamber. A tangential slurry inlet is installed on the outside of the cylinder. Phase particle emissions. The closed vertical cylindrical section has a downwardly protruding vortex duct extending below the tangential feed position.
Working Principle of Hydrocyclones for solids and fluid Separation
The drilling fluid from the centrifugal pump enters the hydrocyclone along the tangential direction through the slurry inlet on the side of the upper cylinder. Centrifugal force flings the solid phase in the vortex drilling fluid against the walls of the vessel. The drilling fluid containing liquid phase and solid phase tells downward spiral motion, a large number of coarser and heavier particles move to the wall of the device, move down along the shell, and are discharged together with a small amount of drilling fluid at the opening of the underflow port. The amount is controlled by the size of the underflow port. The liquid phase of the swirling flow of the carrier fine particles is far away from the wall, changes direction when approaching the bottom to form an inner spiral upward movement, and is discharged through the vortex duct in the center of the cone.
The vortex conduit is a hollow circular tube extending into the conical container, which prevents the drilling fluid from being directly discharged from the overflow port, so that the drilling fluid moves down into the fluid cavity. Under the action of centrifugal force, the swirling liquid rotates in the same direction after entering the liquid chamber, and the downward swirling flow changes at the bottom flow and begins to swirl upward against the center of the vortex conduit. In a balanced cyclone, the inner cylinder of the cyclone liquid surrounds the air column formed by the air entering at the top of the cone. The solid phase particles and a small amount of liquid will be discharged from the round bottom flow port. The size of the ground port is related to the diameter of the vortex conduit, which determines the dryness and wetness of the solid phase particles.
Classification of hydrocyclones for solids and fluid Separation
1.According to the size of the cyclone can be divided into Desander Hydrocyclone and Desilter Hydrocyclone.
By convention, a hydrocyclone with a diameter greater than or equal to 6 inches is a Desander Hydrocyclone, and a hydrocyclone with a diameter less than 6 inches is a Desilter Hydrocyclone.
2.According to the material of the cyclone can be divided into PU(Polyurethane) Hydrocyclone, Ceramic Hydrocyclone, NBR Hydrocyclone, PU(Polyurethane) lined with ceramic Hydrocyclone, Iron lined with PU Hydrocyclone and etc.